Q&A on the science of growing hamburger in the lab

LONDON (AP) ? At a public tasting in London Monday, Dutch scientists served hamburgers made from cow stem cells. Some questions and answers about the science behind the revolutionary patty.

Q: What are stem cells?

A: Stem cells are an organism's master cells and can be turned into any other cell type in the body, i.e. blood, tissue, muscle, etc.

Q: Why is the meat so expensive to produce?

A: The technology is new and scientists are making very small quantities of meat. There are no economies of scale to offset the initial high costs. If more scientists or companies start using the technology to produce more meat products, that could drop the price substantially.

Q: When could this meat be in stores?

A: Probably not for another 10 to 20 years. It would take years to refine the technology, encourage other producers and scientists to get involved, and overcome any regulatory issues.

Q: Who paid for the research?

A: Sergey Brin, co-founder of Google, underwrote the 250,000-euro ($330,000) project, which began in 2006.

Q: How is this better for the environment?

A: It could reduce the number of animals needed for the meat industry. Raising cows, pigs, chickens, etc. contributes substantially to climate change through the production of methane gas. Growing meat in the laboratory could reduce the impact on agricultural land, water and resources.

Q: How long does it take to grow a burger?

A: At the moment, a long time. It has taken two years for scientists to grow enough meat for two hamburgers. The research into the process started in 2006. Once there are enough strands of meat (about 20,000 small strands), scientists can form a five-ounce (140-gram) hamburger patty in about two hours.

Q: What are the implications for vegetarians?

A: PETA, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals, supports attempts to grow meat in labs because they say that will greatly diminish the amount of animal suffering. Donor animals are needed for the muscle cells, but taking those samples doesn't hurt the animal. One sample can theoretically provide up to 20,000 tons of lab-made meat. But lab-grown meat is still meat, and not an option for vegetarians.

Q: Is it possible to make other kinds of meat in the laboratory?

A: Yes. The science is theoretically the same, so the same techniques should also allow researchers to make chicken, fish, lamb, etc. Dutch researcher Mark Post, who led the research on the lab-made hamburger, started working with pig cells. He had intended to make a sausage, but his American funder suggested a hamburger instead.

Q: Can they make other meat products?

A: At the moment, scientists are only working on making processed or minced meat, because that is the easiest kind to replicate. Processed meat accounts for about half of the meat market. Post said it should be possible to make more complicated cuts like steaks or chops in the future, but that involves using more advanced tissue engineering techniques. He estimates that it might be possible to make a steak in about 20 years.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/bbd825583c8542898e6fa7d440b9febc/Article_2013-08-05-Stem%20Cell%20Burger%20QandA/id-504d0339963142e59d77eabff6a4a3a1

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Compare Spyware: Free Scan Spyware Virus Yahoo

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Source: http://nachoel01.blogspot.com/2013/08/free-scan-spyware-virus-yahoo.html

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?Who am I to judge?' Pope's remarks do not change church teaching

POPE-HOMOSEXUALITY Jul-31-2013 (750 words) Backgrounder. xxxi

'Who am I to judge?' Pope's remarks do not change church teaching

Pope Francis addresses journalists on his flight from Rio de Janeiro to Rome. (CNS/Paul Haring)

By Cindy Wooden
Catholic News Service

VATICAN CITY (CNS) -- When Pope Francis told reporters July 28, "Who am I to judge" a homosexual person, he was emphasizing a part of Catholic teaching often overlooked by the media and misunderstood by many people.

In the words of the Catechism of the Catholic Church, the church teaches that homosexual people "must be accepted with respect, compassion and sensitivity" and that "every sign of unjust discrimination in their regard should be avoided."

But the catechism also describes a "homosexual inclination" as "objectively disordered" and homosexual acts as "intrinsically disordered," because sexuality is "an integral part of the love by which a man and a woman commit themselves totally to one another until death."

The church teaches that any sexual activity outside the bond of marriage between a man and a woman is sinful. Pope Francis did not change or challenge that teaching.

Pope Francis made his comments about homosexuality during a news conference with reporters flying with him from Brazil to Rome.

The pope was asked about what has been described as a "gay lobby" in the Vatican, allegedly a group of priests and bishops who work at the Vatican and protect each other. Pope Francis said it was important to "distinguish between a person who is gay and someone who makes a gay lobby."

"A gay person who is seeking God, who is of good will -- well, who am I to judge him?" the pope said. "The Catechism of the Catholic Church explains this very well. It says one must not marginalize these persons, they must be integrated into society. The problem isn't this (homosexual) orientation -- we must be like brothers and sisters. The problem is something else, the problem is lobbying either for this orientation or a political lobby or a Masonic lobby."

Although the question to the pope was about gay Vatican employees, the pope's response was not specifically about priests who are homosexual, a question addressed in 2005 by the Congregation for Catholic Education, which was in charge of seminaries at the time.

The document was titled, "Instruction Concerning the Criteria for the Discernment of Vocations With Regard to Persons With Homosexual Tendencies in View of Their Admission to the Seminary and to Holy Orders."

The church distinguishes between homosexual acts and homosexual tendencies or orientation, it said. The church, unlike much of the public, does not assume all those with a homosexual orientation are sexually active, just as it does not assume all heterosexuals are sexually active.

Men "who practice homosexuality, present deep-seated homosexual tendencies or support the so-called 'gay culture'" are not to be admitted to Catholic seminaries or to be ordained, it said, although it did not give a detailed explanation of what exactly constitutes a "deep-seated" homosexual tendency.

While excluding their suitability for ordination, it said, "such persons must be accepted with respect and sensitivity. Every sign of unjust discrimination in their regard should be avoided. They are called to fulfill God's will in their lives and to unite to the sacrifice of the Lord's cross the difficulties they may encounter."

New York Cardinal Timothy M. Dolan, president of the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops, speaking on "CBS This Morning" July 30, said Pope Francis' remarks on the plane reflect "a gentle, merciful, understanding, compassionate" approach to church teaching which emphasizes "that while certain acts may be wrong, we would always love and respect the person and treat the person with dignity."

Pope Francis' words "may be something people find new and refreshing," Cardinal Dolan said, but "I for one don't think it is and I hate to see previous popes caricatured as not having that."

The current pope's approach to the question of homosexuality on the flight from Brazil reminded some journalists of the approach Pope Benedict XVI took to a question about gay marriage during a July 2006 flight to Spain where he celebrated the World Meeting of Families.

"It's true that there are problems and things that Christian life says no to," he told reporters. "We want to make people understand that according to human nature it is a man and a woman who are made for each other and made to give humanity a future."

However, he said, instead of focusing on condemning attempts to legally recognize homosexual unions, "let's shine a light on the positive things, so we can make people understand why the church cannot accept certain things, but at the same time wants to respect people and to help them."

END

---

Copyright (c) 2013 Catholic News Service/USCCB. All rights reserved.
This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or otherwise distributed.
CNS ? 3211 Fourth St NE ? Washington DC 20017 ? 202.541.3250

Source: http://www.catholicnews.com/data/stories/cns/1303303.htm

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12 hurt as car drives into crowd at LA boardwalk

LOS ANGELES (AP) ? A car drove into a packed Saturday early evening crowd walking along the Venice Beach boardwalk in Los Angeles, injuring at least a dozen people, two of them critically.

Multiple witnesses reported that the driver appeared to be in control of the car and it was not moving erratically as it plowed through the crowd, Los Angeles Fire Department spokesman Brian Humphrey said.

Firefighters were surveying the crowd and looking for anyone who was hurt, Humphrey said.

Twelve injured had been counted so far, with 10 of them hospitalized. Two were hurt seriously and two critically, Humphrey said. He had no details on the identities of the victims or their injuries.

The car, described by witnesses as a sedan or compact, was still moving as it drove out of sight of firefighters and the people who were hit, and it was not clear if the person had stopped or was arrested.

Officers at the LAPD's Pacific Station would give no information on the incident.

The famed Venice boardwalk is a cultural hub in a part of Los Angeles known for its eccentricities. It is home to galleries, restaurants, tattoo shops, skateboard parks and the famous outdoor weight room known as Muscle Beach.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/12-hurt-car-drives-crowd-la-boardwalk-021222163.html

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Learning from the Tech World: Convincing Investors to Fund a Film ...

Investing is like lightning in a bottle, once investors find a team that delivers, they go back to them.

Writing on Slated.com's Filmonomics blog, Slated Editorial Director Colin Brown sees a pattern in technology investing that is worth noting when it comes to assembling a filmmaking team that investors will be eager to fund.? Read the post on Slated.com and find more Filmonomics articles here.

Summertime and the living ain?t easy if you are in acquisitions. Whether you operate in film or tech, the fish are now jumping and your scouting alerts are on high. Movie distributors have already been shadowing ? and in some cases preemptively buying ? films pegged as potential breakouts from an upcoming festival season that is anchored around those eleven September days in Toronto. Similarly, venture capital and angel groups are currently busy doing the rounds at various ?Demo Days?, stalking promising startup ideas that have been incubated through TechStars, 500 Startups, Y Combinator and the myriad other mid-year accelerator programs that now include Warner Bros??newly graduated Media Camp. No matter the season, it is clear that both film and tech remain fixated on landing The Next Big Thing. But how each world goes about that pursuit is a study in contrasting deal-flow mechanics.

Where they differ most markedly is in who it is that actually leads the early chase. In film, the gestational life cycle of even the biggest festival hit is typically spent banging on endless investor doors, submitting grant applications and combing through production incentive schemes, all the while trusting that the script will attract the level of talent that in turn attracts the right level of money. It is only once all that hard pitching, cajoling and juggling is over, and there is film footage to show, that most distributors then come waving their checkbooks. The solicitation onus, in other words, falls squarely on producers? shoulders.

In tech, however, it?s the money itself that does much of that initial sweet-talking. Sure, startup entrepreneurs have to pound the Silicon Valley pavement in search of backers but they do so in an inviting ecosystem where investors are very much the driving force. VCs want to see absolutely every startup idea out there. And so, increasingly, do seed investors, which is why so many have aligned themselves into angel groups in the hope of leveraging an advance look-see at the hottest investments prospects.

Such is this tech obsession with ?proprietary deal flow? that investors go to great lengths to steal a march on competitors and differentiate themselves in the marketplace for ideas. Referral grapevines are cultivated, industry events aggressively mined and positional think-pieces constantly offered up on websites all in the quest for an inside track. Early-stage tech investor Mark Suster says he first relied on lawyers as his own advance warning system, since they are the ones entrepreneurs turn to in order get their company registrations done. Today, he views blogging as his ?best source of high-quality deal flow imaginable.? We know this because Suster?blogged about it earlier this year.

Now compare tech?s open courtship displays with what happens in the movie business. Other than the occasional yacht party at Cannes, film investors are leery of even announcing themselves, far less tweeting about their financing strategies, for fear of being swamped with pitches. They just trust that the industry?s inner circles will beat a path towards them and deliver the goods.

Of course, a proactive investment stance does not necessarily translate into greater ?deal velocity.? For all their come-hither attitudes, it is not unusual for VCs and angel groups firms to fund less than 1% of the hundreds of business plans they review in any given year. But by virtue of sheer volume, they can lay claim to ever-greater deal-making intelligence. Having sifted through a mountain of proposals, Silicon Valley players have developed an exquisite nose for what constitutes the real deals ? and, just as crucially, a strong stomach for failure. The fact is Silicon Valley is way more crucible than it is cradle. More than 90 percent of start-ups flame out and yet setbacks are embraced here, not so much as friends, but as teachers.

Paradoxical as it might sound, investment history has tended to side with those who have made those bold, early leaps into the dark. Their secret sauce, at least according to the various VC general partners I have interviewed, has been based around ?pattern recognition.? Certain characteristics are common to even the most life-altering, game-changing, mold-breaking ideas. Research backs this up.?An often-cited 2006 study by Harvard Business School academics?demonstrated how serial entrepreneurs who have made money once are the ones most likely to be money-making the next time around. Regression analysis also done by VCs investigating which entrepreneurial attributes are linked to repeated successes found that a team?s interpersonal dynamics as an operating unit hold the key. The ability to spot such salient tendencies is what gives tech investors the comfort to back even the most outlandishly disruptive propositions in their embryonic stages.

The same should also apply to film investing. This summer?s string of studio box office misfires is another reminder that audiences still like to be surprised. You can only force-feed so many facsimiles of yesterday?s spectacles before people clamor again for unexpected characters and stories told in unforeseen ways. The problem here is that financiers don?t like surprises ? which is why it is so important that the most original ideas in cinema come wrapped in creative teams that signal success through their collective track record in making films that industry buyers crave. Just as with startups, these producer-led teams are the quantifiable elements ? packages, if you will - worth banking on. And the more that investors learn to reach out and find them, the better they will all become at identifying the real deals well before those festivals and demo days start selling them off at handsome, auction prices.

Source: http://www.indiewire.com/article/learning-from-the-tech-world-convincing-investors-to-fund-a-film-is-all-about-assembling-a-winning-team

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Kelly's focus on returning Notre Dame football to top of mountain

SOUTH BEND -- About 20 feet to Brian Kelly's right, hanging on a wall inside the Guglielmino Athletics Complex, was Notre Dame's 2013 schedule.

Beneath the 12 regular season games was listed something a bit different than last year's version.

January 7, 2014

BCS CHAMPIONSHIP GAME

"The focus has been since our last game last year," Kelly, ND's fourth-year coach said Friday during his pre-camp press conference, "is to get back to the top of the mountain, and you don't get there easily."

Last year's schedule inside the Gug simply said "TBD. Bowl Game." The Irish, who were coming off back-to-back 8-5 seasons, were the surprise team of the country, going 12-0 and achieving a No. 1 ranking before losing to Alabama, 42-14, in the title game.

"Everything that we've worked on since that next day -- and I mean the next day -- is about getting back to the national championship game and winning it," Kelly said.

This year's group begins practice on Monday in Marion, Ind. The Irish open their season Aug. 31 at Notre Dame Stadium against Temple.

This group already faces a challenge before its first practice. Everett Golson, last year's starting quarterback, was suspended for the fall semester over an academic matter. Kelly, this summer, named senior Tommy Rees the starter for the Temple game.

"He was the most experienced and gave us the best opportunity to win against Temple," Kelly said before adding that he did not name Rees the starter for all 13 games, simply the Temple game.

The four practices in Marion are closed to the media before the Irish return to South Bend next Friday for their first full practice in pads.

"We're like everyone else in college football," Kelly said. "We're extremely excited to start the season."

- Kelly on Friday was asked about where he and the university stand in terms of a new contract. Kelly said the two parties have agreed in principle, but there are details to be worked out.

"I think it's imminent," Kelly said.

- Kelly said that he still expects Golson back for the spring semester and that the staff, particularly offensive coordinator/quarterbacks coach Chuck Martin, remains in contact with Golson.

- Not on the roster distributed to the media was former Irish basketball player Joey Brooks, who spent the spring as a reserve tight end. ND has five scholarship tight ends listed on the roster in Troy Niklas, Alex Welch, Ben Koyack, Mike Heuerman and Durham Smythe.

"We just felt that at that position we were in very good hands," Kelly said.

- Listed on the roster is freshman walk-on cornerback Jesse Bongiovi, the son of rock star Jon Bon Jovi.

"Jesse has earned his spot on this team," Kelly said. "They don't look at him as a rock star's son.

?

Watch WSBT News at 5, 6 and 11 for video from the news conference.

Source: http://www.wsbt.com/news/wsbt-kellys-focus-on-returning-notre-dame-football-to-top-of-mountain-20130802,0,5915706.story?track=rss

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